If you want to run Laravel Queues inside Dokku, then you need to create Procfile in your root project directory with this following content:
Procfile
web: php artisan serve --host=0.0.0.0 --port=8080 worker: php artisan queue:work database
Make sure add QUEUE_CONNECTION=database environment in your Dokku config:
QUEUE_CONNECTION=database
dokku config:set app-name QUEUE_CONNECTION=database
Then spin up the worker
dokku ps:scale app-name web=1 worker=1
That's it!